Vani Kola, one of the pioneers of venture capital (VC) in India, decided to return to the country in the mid-2000s to set up one of its first homebred VC funds, Kalaari Capital, to invest in early-stage tech startups. It was an unconventional bet, but more than 16 years later it ranks in the top quartile of the world, and has managed to consistently give 3x to 5x returns to its investors. “You can call it a leap of faith or a deep conviction, but we started taking early bets on e-commerce. The early stage is where maximum failures, setbacks, and value creation happen," says Kola, founder and managing director of Kalaari Capital, in a rare and exclusive conversation on Forbes India Pathbreakers.
In Part 1 of the conversation, Kola, by far one of the most authoritative voices in India’s burgeoning start-up ecosystem, shares life lessons from her journey to debunk what it takes to be a trailblazing entrepreneur and investor in times of mind-boggling valuations, rapid disruption, and intense competition. “I have seen five bubbles so far in my life. So, the ‘up’ doesn’t excite me and the ‘down’ doesn’t depress me," she says. Edited excerpts:
This offers clues on Kola’s readiness to take the unbeaten road. She elaborates, “I think the same journey led me as a young mother to not think that hard about jumping into starting a new company. I did that at the age of 30. Around 41, I moved back to India, which also for a lot of people sounds like a risky decision. But the fact is that I did not see it as a risky decision. I saw it as an adventure, a learning experience, and a motivating challenge that could test me in a fulfilling way. So, I think the principle of pushing yourself for challenges without worrying about calculating the risk, but instead looking at the upside, looking at the positives was imbibed in me. I think it was the confidence, perseverance and conviction to listen to my intuition and accept setbacks to pursue my dreams. These can be qualities that are once nurtured and continue to bear fruit for you year after year."
More importantly, entrepreneurship is a test of character. “It is also a test of your values. There are many temptations on the path of entrepreneurship, but you have to keep your feet on the ground and have common sense. I have seen five bubbles so far in my life. So, the ‘up’ doesn’t excite me and the ‘down’ doesn’t depress me. I remember people saying, ‘You could be a $5 billion company.’ I wondered if we really could we had $50 million in revenue! So, when we had an opportunity to sell the company for $1.2 billion, which had a different magnitude and aura in the 2000s than today, I decided it was a good deal. People told me we could get more. But my common sense as a founder and CEO told me, ‘Well, that’s just a bubble’. We were very fortunate that we made the right decisions. There were some companies that were down 90 percent and 80 percent in value, and nothing changed."
Within a couple of months, in 2006, Kola relocated to India with her family and set up Kalaari Capital, which is now one of the country’s leading homebred VC firms. “The name ‘Kalaari’ itself comes from ‘Kalaripayattu’, a martial arts form which to me represents many of the entrepreneurial traits that I value, like commitment, strength, perseverance, and so forth," she reminisces. “Raising the fund was relatively easy because we raised it in North America and had established credibility and reputation. Relationships are also big assets in your bank. These help you navigate your highs but more importantly, they help navigate your lows."
What transpired in the following months was an interesting lesson in how to unlock opportunities. “Coming to India, and what to invest in India, would be a lot of unlearning for me. I knew I was new in India and that I should not bring in so many assumptions of what works and what doesn’t work from just my experience. They are important, but only as they are relevant. I knew that I had few unfair advantages to gain access, at least. There were a lot of people that were willing to give their input and ideas or encourage me," she says.
The unlearning process wasn’t simple: Kola, an engineer, had just returned from Silicon Valley, and was impatient to make India global. But in 2006, India’s tech infrastructure was not ready and the market was yet to evolve. “So, everything I had in terms of my US network and experience was useless because Indian companies weren’t rapidly going global at that point," she recounts, “My technology knowledge and experience also proved to be useless because there weren’t many deep tech companies at that time." This opened new windows as Kola explored the market for new areas of disruption.
She continues: “Somewhere we started picking up new things, whether it was e-commerce or gaming, which were not getting early air cover from more traditional investment firms that were in India, and you can call it a leap of faith or a deep conviction but we started taking early bets on that. I enjoy working with early-stage companies and knowing the founders at the beginning of their journeys and all the possibilities that it represents. I think that we are good mentors at that phase of a company’s life. The early stage is where maximum failures happen, maximum setbacks happen, and also maximum value creation happens."
The joy of reimagining what’s next is also a risky gamble, because investors do not have a crystal ball to accurately predict the outcome of an early-stage venture. There is potential, undoubtedly, but there’s also a lot that can go awry, unexpectedly, as the business scales up. This means investors must be open-mined, alert, and agile to pick changing trends and red flags in a fast-changing landscape.
“We were early investors in Snapdeal, Myntra, Dream11 via Simplilearn and many companies that fortunately have created great returns for our funds. That is another thing that has always been important to me. Coming from a very conservative middle-class family, the sense of money and its value is very intimate to me. Money is a means to an end it is not the end itself. But money brings responsibilities and obligations. We have always wanted to create par returns globally and have been able to consistently return 3x to 5x of our funds. This puts us in the top quartile in the world," Kola says.
First Published: Jun 20, 2023, 11:54
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