A significant phenomenon has been the contributions of non-government organisations (NGOs) in grassroots educational work. They have also contributed to national educational debates and helped make access and quality of education a prominent public issue. For instance, in 2005, Pratham did pioneering work in testing the learning achievements of elementary-school-age children in 509 districts, and produced a public report in 2006. This brought the issue of low learning levels and low schooling quality into the public realm.