Plant-based sustainable fabrics are gaining ground in the textile and fabric industries, as increasing economies of scale hold the hope of greater affordability
Sustainably grown forest
Image: Lenzing AG
In the 1990s, when Spanish garment retailer Zara opened shop in New York, it claimed to be able to produce a garment—from the design stage to being sold in stores—in only 15 days, thus giving rise to the term ‘fast fashion’. Since then, the term has gone on to define mass-produced, inexpensive, poor quality and disposable garments and footwear that move quickly from fashion catwalks to stores in order to cash in on current trends.
According to the European Parliament, the average number of collections released by European apparel companies per year has gone from two in 2,000 to five in 2011, with, for instance, Zara offering 24 new clothing collections each year, and H&M between 12 and 16. This has led to consumers seeing cheap clothing items increasingly as perishable goods that are ‘nearly disposable’. According to British clothes waste charity Traid, the average garment is worn 10 times before it is thrown away. Of the discarded garments and footwear, about 85 percent end up in landfills, while less than 1 percent is recycled.
The global textile and fashion industries have also grown to be one of the most natural resource guzzling and polluting sectors. For instance, the amount of greenhouse gases these sectors produce is more than emissions of the global aviation and maritime shipping industries combined (see ‘The environmental impact of what we wear’).
It is expected that the global textile market will expand at a CAGR of 4.4 percent from 2021 to 2028, by which time it would be worth $1,412.5 billion, according to a March 2021 report by Grand View Research Inc. The India and US-based market research and consulting company pegs this growth on factors such as rising consumer awareness, fast-paced changing trends in the fashion industry, and the rise in the ecommerce platforms.
(This story appears in the 04 June, 2021 issue of Forbes India. To visit our Archives, click here.)